![]() ![]() However, military 4D printing production is expected to be more agile after the end of COVID-19. Furthermore, the reduced GDP of major economies such as the U.S., the UK, China, France, India, Germany, and others, in 2020 resulted to a decline in investment in the defense industry, thereby affected the 4D printing market which is expected to result in major losses throughout the year. Private and commercial security industries were one of the most severely affected industries by the pandemic and observed a decline of investments initially. Majority of the developing facilities & research centers has been shut down during the pandemic due to commute restrictions, workforce unavailability, and supply chain disturbance. Owing to this pandemic, many businesses are halted and are waiting for the market conditions to improve. Countries around the globe have posed stringent restrictions ranging from days to months of lockdown periods. Governments of different regions have already announced total lockdown and temporarily shutdown of industries, thereby adversely affecting the overall production and sales. The COVID-19 crisis is creating uncertainty in the military 4D printing industry. ![]() Hence, it is a novel technology and is on the verge of commercialization. It is an advancement to the 3D printing technology, which can be created by using smart material and software program in the 3D printing machine. The printed object can change shape due to many factors such as air, heat, pressure and magnetism. It is also known as additive manufacturing technology that allows nanoscale manipulation and programming during the production process to ultimately create products designed to adapt to their environment. The global military 4D printing market is projected to be valued at $16.1 million in 2030, and is expected to reach $673.4 million by 2040, registering a CAGR of 45.2% from 2030 to 2040.ĤD printing technology is the process that allows the printed objects to self-transform over time. ![]()
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